(a) (i) Fig. 3.1 (Insert) shows a new shopping centre. Using evidence from Fig. 3.1 only, suggest four advantages of shopping there.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2023). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [4] • Modern; • Light / well lit; • (Large) variety of shops / range of goods / consumers have a wide choice / shops all in one place / under one roof/ comparison shops / shops close together / not far / short distance between shops; • Designer/luxury / high order goods / well-known brands / (high) quality products; • Escalators (to access different floors): • Undercover / has a roof; • Wide pavements / (more)spacious / open space; • Three floors / multi-storey / large area (for shopping); • Concrete surfaces / flat surfaces; • Eating places / places for drinks / refreshments / bars / seating available; • Clean / dustbins.
2. [2] Neighbourhood clothing shop has: Range of goods • Lower / smaller / limited; Threshold population • Lower / smaller (population). Note: If not stated assume the answer refers to the local clothing shop. Accept converse if stated i.e. the clothing shop in the shopping centre;
3. [2] • Less time travelling / easier access / close / more convenient/ no long-distance travel / can walk / no need for vehicles; • Reduces/low(er) transportation costs; • Less air pollution; • Fewer traffic jams; • Less fuel burned / saves petrol; • Creates demand for local jobs; • Prevents money flowing out of the community / brings income into the local area; • Supports businesses / ensures they stay open; • Familiarity with goods and services offered / buyer and seller / easier to return goods.