O-LevelGeographyPopulation and settlement2217/22 · Oct/Nov 2023 · Q28 Marks

Study Fig. 2.1, which shows information about the population of Western Europe and West Africa in 2019. [Figure 2.1]

(a)(i)What type of graph is shown in Fig. 2.1?[1]
(a)(ii)What was the percentage of males aged 20–24 in Western Europe? ..........%[1]
(a)(iii)What was the total percentage of the population aged 10–14 in West Africa? ..........%[1]
(a)(iv)Give three differences between the population structure of Western Europe and West Africa in 2019. Do not use statistics in your answer. young dependents economically active old dependents[3]
(b)Suggest two economic problems caused by a large population of young dependents.[2]

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Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2023). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[1] Age / sex / population pyramid
[1] 2.8–3%
[1] 12(%)
[3] Young dependents: • W. Europe is lower / W. Africa is higher; Economically active: • W. Europe is higher / W. Africa is lower; Old dependents: • W. Europe is higher / W. Africa is lower. Accept majority / minority instead of higher / lower. Accept separate statements e.g. Western Europe is high, W. Africa is low.
[2] • Needs more / more money to be spent on / strain on schools / education / teachers / resources for lessons; • More money spent on education / health services neglecting other areas of the economy; • Need more / more money spent on / strain on health services/hospitals / maternity care; • Cost of supplying food / food shortages / water supplies; • Lack of/ strain on available housing; • Lack of future jobs; • Women / carers less able to work.

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