O-LevelGeographyPopulation and settlement2217/12 · Oct/Nov 2022 · Q225 Marks

(a) Study Figs. 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 (Insert), which are photographs taken in three different urban land use zones. (b) Study Fig. 2.4, which is a map showing land use changes in Paris, France (an MEDC in Europe). [Figure 2.4]

(a)(i)Which urban land use zone is shown in Fig. 2.1? Underline one answer in the list below. CBD industrial open space residential[1]
(a)(ii)Describe the land use shown in Fig. 2.2.[2]
(a)(iii)Suggest a possible location within an urban area for the land use zone shown in Fig. 2.2. Give reasons for your answer.[3]
(a)(iv)Explain why land use zones such as the one shown in Fig. 2.3 are often located in the rural–urban fringe.[4]
(b)(i)Identify the three land use changes which would be most likely to reduce traffic problems in Paris. 1 2 3[3]
(b)(ii)Describe the advantages and disadvantages of building new airports in the rural–urban fringe of Paris for the people who live in the city.[5]
(c)For a named urban area you have studied, describe the effects of urban sprawl on the natural environment. Name of urban area ...........................................................[7]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2022). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[1] Residential
[1] Road/transportation/tram line/public transport/metro/street train;
[1] Shops/shopping street/commercial/trading goods;
[1] Apartments/offices/residential on upper floor etc.
[1] Inner city/inner suburbs/centre/CBD;
[1] High density/buildings close together;
[1] Lots of shops;
[1] Lots of pedestrians/people/customers/shoppers;
[1] Old buildings; etc. (1 mark for location and 2 for reasoning)
[1] Plenty of space/land available/need lots of land for parking/shops;
[1] Low cost land;
[1] Less traffic congestion/easy road access;
[1] Within easy reach of people/customers nearby/in suburbs/can be easily accessed by people/customers from other urban areas/surrounding settlements;
[1] labour availability;
[1] low noise/air pollution etc.
[1] Inner ring road;
[1] Express metro system;
[1] Growth poles/more offices or shops outside central part of city;
[1] New Towns;
[1] Advantages such as: Employment/jobs/or example of job;
[1] Business opportunities created/multiplier effect;
[1] Easier to get to other countries/easy access for flights;
[1] Short travelling time/distance/low cost of travel to airport;
[1] People could reach airport using public transport/metro;
[1] Plenty of space for car parking etc.
[1] Disadvantages such as: Increased noise;
[1] Congestion on radial roads/more vehicles/increased traffic;
[1] Loss of amenity value/open space/places to walk dog;
[1] Visual impact etc.
Level 1 (1-3 marks): Statements including limited detail which describe the effects of urban sprawl on the natural environment.
Level 2 (4-6 marks): Uses named example. More developed statements which describe the effects of urban sprawl on the natural environment.
Level 3 (7 marks): Uses named example. Comprehensive and accurate statements which describe the effects of urban sprawl on the natural environment with some place specific reference.
Content Guide (for 2c): Deforestation; Loss of habitats; Atmospheric pollution; Acid rain; Water pollution; Noise pollution; Ecosystems destroyed; Food chains disrupted; Flooding; Killing of wildlife/species loss etc. Place specific reference is likely to consist of: Locational details/named areas within/around the urban area, Specific details of impacts, statistics etc.