O-LevelGeographyPopulation and settlement2217/12 · Oct/Nov 2015 · Q125 Marks

Study Fig. 1, which shows information about population growth in India. [Figure 1]

(a)(i)Complete Fig. 1 by shading Karnataka using the key provided. Karnataka has a population growth rate of 15.6 per 1000.[1]
(a)(ii)The following data is for Orissa: Birth rate 21 per 1000 Death rate 8.8 per 1000 Net migration 2 per 1000 Population growth rate 14.2 per 1000 Explain how the population growth rate of 14.2 per 1000 for Orissa has been calculated.[2]
(a)(iii)Using information from Fig. 1, describe the differences in population growth rates in India to the north and south of the 20°N line of latitude.[3]
(a)(iv)Suggest reasons why some parts of India have positive net migration but others have negative net migration.[4]
(b)(i)Using the information in Fig. 2 only, compare the natural population growth of India between the periods 1951–61 and 2001–11.[3]
(b)(ii)Suggest reasons for the reduction in the death rate between 1951 and 2011.[5]
(c)For a named country you have studied, describe how the government has attempted to influence population growth. Name of country ..........................................................................................................[7]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2015). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[1] (a) (i) Shading on Fig. 1. Shading must match the key.
[2] (ii) Birth rate – death rate; Plus migration
Birth rate + migration
Minus death rate
2 @ 1 mark
[3] (iii) Generally higher rates to north of line/lower rates south of the line; two valid statistics to illustrate the above – e.g. many states to north are over 20 per 1000 but below 20 per 1000 to south; ONE further mark available for two named states (one to north & one to south) with statistics e.g.: Kerala less than 10 but Bihar over 25 per 1000; there are exceptions such as Punjab/West Bengal/Sikkm/Himachal Pradesh/Tripira/Nagaland – only accept these examples.
3 @ 1 mark
[4] (iv) Ideas such as: poverty/from poor places/to rich places; employment/wages; health care provision; education provision; availability of food; availability of water; impacts of government policy; drought; natural disasters or example war/security/persecution/safety/political stability; entertainment/bright lights/social amenities; opportunities for farming; electricity etc.,
4 @ 1 mark
[3] (b) (i) Higher growth rate between 1951 and 1961 & lower growth rate between 2001 to 2011; any two statistics to illustrate the above one from each period; increase 1951 to 1961 but decrease in growth rate 2001 to 2011; use of comparative statistics to illustrate (1951 GR was 16–18; 1961 GR was 20–22; 2001 GR was 13-15 and 2011 GR was 11-13) – need all 4 statistics
3 @ 1 mark
[5] (ii) Ideas such as; improvement in health care/hospitals/equipment in hospitals; more access to vaccinations; more use of drugs/medicines/cures for diseases; more doctors/nurses; improvements in sanitation/hygiene; more access to clean/piped water/less waterborne disease; increased food supply/better diet; education or awareness of better diet/disease prevention/hygiene; move from traditional to modern healthcare; pensions/care for elderly; preparation/housing to withstand natural disasters; specific measures to prevent named disease e.g. mosquito nets etc.
5 @ 1 mark or development
[7] (c) Levels marking
Level 1 (1–3 marks): Statements including limited detail which describe a government population policy.
Level 2 (4–6 marks): Uses named example. More developed statements which describe a government population policy. (NB max. 5 if no or inappropriate named example)
Level 3 (7 marks): Uses named example. Comprehensive and accurate statements including some place specific reference.
Content Guide: Answers may refer to pro-natalist or anti-natalist policies or policies relating to migration.
Place specific reference is likely to consist of: Named parts of the chosen country, Specific policy details, Population data/name of policy etc.
NB: development is of the description. If a candidate names a policy – for example, One Child Policy, award L1. This can then be developed by the use of a strategy such as free nursery education for a L2. For example, China introduced a One Child Policy (L1) which offered free nursery education (L2) to a maximum of 1 x L2...so an answer which mentions One Child Policy and fines and free education would score 1 x L2.
However, further awarding of an L2 would need to be for development of the incentive or strategy rather than development from the name of the policy – for example, people married later (L1) and had to ask permission from their factory owner (L2) or abortion encouraged (L1) through the use of granny police (L2).