Two students from the UK were investigating change in their local village. The village was located 8km from the nearest large town and had been growing in population and size. The students decided to test the following hypotheses: Hypothesis 1: Most people who moved to live in the village came from less than 10km away. Hypothesis 2: The main reason why people live in the village is because their work is in the village or nearby.

1. (a)To conduct their investigation the students produced a questionnaire to use with a sample of residents in the village. Their questionnaire is shown in Fig. 14 (Insert). Name and describe a suitable sampling method to get a fair sample of residents. Name of sampling method Description.[3]
2. (b)(i)The results of Question 1 from the questionnaire are shown in Table 3 below. Table 3 Results of Question 1: How many years have you lived in the village? | Number of years | Percentage of residents | |---|---| | 0 – 10 | 27 | | 11 – 20 | 19 | | 21 – 30 | 18 | | 31 – 40 | 26 | | More than 40 | 10 | Use the results in Table 3 to complete the pie chart, Fig. 15, above.[2]
3. (b)(ii)Which one of the following conclusions can be made from the results shown in Fig. 15? Put a tick (✔) to show your answer. | | | |---|---| | Most people have lived in the village for more than 40 years. | | | Most people have lived in the village for more than 20 years. | | | Most people have lived in the village for 10 years or less. | |[1]
4. (b)(iii)The results of Question 2 are shown in Table 4, below. Table 4 Results of Question 2: Where did you live before moving to the village? | Previous location | Percentage of residents | |---|---| | Moved from towns more than 10km away | 34 | | Moved from villages more than 10km away | 8 | | Moved from outside the UK | 2 | | Moved from nearby towns less than 10km away | 25 | | Moved from local villages less than 10km away | 15 | | Always lived in the village | 16 | Use the results from Table 4 to complete the divided bar graph, Fig. 16, above.[3]
5. (b)(iv)The students used the information in Fig. 16 to work out a conclusion to Hypothesis 1: Most people who moved to live in the village came from less than 10km away. Do you think the hypothesis is correct? Support your conclusion with evidence from Table 4 and Fig. 16.[3]
6. (b)(v)The results of Question 3 in the questionnaire are shown in Table 5 below. Table 5 Results of Question 3: What is the main reason you live in the village? | Reason | Percentage of residents | |---|---| | Easy access to work in the nearby town | 38 | | Retired and moved to the village | 25 | | Born in the village | 16 | | Work in the village | 15 | | Enjoy the peaceful location | 4 | | Surrounded by attractive scenery | 2 | Under which reason in Table 5 would the following answers be included? 1 I have always lived in the village. Reason 2 The views down the river valley are spectacular. Reason 3 The village is only 5km from the shop where I work and I can get there by bus. Reason[3]
7. (b)(vi)What conclusion would the students make about Hypothesis 2: The main reason why people live in the village is because their work is in the village or nearby? Refer to data in Table 5 to explain your answer.[3]
8. (c)(i)The students also researched secondary data from the local census records. Explain what is meant by secondary data.[1]
9. (c)(ii)Give one example, other than census records, of secondary data.[1]
10. (c)(iii)The secondary data researched by the students is shown in Table 6 below. Table 6 Population of the village 1961–2011 | Year | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | Population | 785 | 743 | 1161 | 1342 | 1596 | 2142 | Name an appropriate type of graph to show this data.[1]
11. (c)(iv)The students used the figures in Table 6 to calculate the percentage change in population which occurred in the village during each 10 year period. These changes are shown in Table 7, below. Table 7 Percentage change in population in each 10 year period | 10 year period | 1961–1971 | 1971–1981 | 1981–1991 | 1991–2001 | 2001–2011 | |---|---|---|---|---|---| | Percentage change | -5.4 | +56.3 | +15.6 | +18.9 | +34.2 | Use these figures to complete Fig. 17 below. Population change in each 10 year period[2]
12. (c)(v)When studying the population figures the students realised that the village was growing quickly in size and population. Suggest two problems that this growth might cause for local people and two problems it might cause for the local environment. Local people 1 2 Local environment 1 2[4]
13. (d)The students obtained a land use map of the village produced in 1970. Describe how they could use the map and carry out fieldwork to show changes to the village between 1970 and 2011.[3]

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