Section C Answer one question from this section. (a) Study Fig. 7, which shows information about industry in Japan. Most of Japan's industry is located close to the coast. The 'Pacific Belt' between Tokyo and Fukuoka contains 70% of Japan's manufacturing industry. As a result, the main industrial areas are becoming increasingly crowded. This results in a series of problems for the people who live there. The Japanese government tried to develop industries in other areas. Heavy industry, such as engineering and the making of steel and chemicals, was not suitable as many of the raw materials were imported and the finished products exported. Also the interior of Japan is mountainous. ‘The Pacific Belt' contains: • 65% of Japan's population; • 70% of manufacturing output; • 50% of public companies headquarters; • 85% of foreign financial institutions; • Three high speed rail lines. Key Four main industrial zones ① Fukuoka ② Osaka-Kobe ③ Nagoya ④ Tokyo — Pacific Belt urban area [Figure 5.1] (b) Study Fig. 8, information about the Technopolis Programme in Japan. Technopolis programme • The 'Technopolis' idea of creating jobs in high technology industries in order to promote regional growth was announced in 1980 • An area chosen as a ‘Technopolis' was an area which attracted high-technology industries Requirements for a Technopolis • Area of up to 130000 hectares • Good industrial sites • Near to a city with a population of at least 150000 • Existing university • Good high-speed transport links Key • Site of Technopolis [Figure 5.2]

1. (a)(i)Name an industrial zone in the 'Pacific Belt' of Japan.[1]
2. (a)(ii)Give two pieces of evidence from Fig. 7 which suggest that the 'Pacific Belt' is important for Japan's economy.[2]
3. (a)(iii)Using Fig. 7 only, explain why most of Japan's industry is located in the 'Pacific Belt'.[3]
4. (a)(iv)Suggest likely problems for Japan of having most of its industries situated close together.[4]
5. (b)(i)Suggest why areas chosen as Technopolis sites needed to be: • near a city with a population of at least 150000 people; • near a university; • in an area with good transport links.[3]
6. (b)(ii)Suggest advantages for cities like Hakodate of being chosen as a Technopolis site.[5]
7. (c)Explain the causes of global warming. You should include a labelled diagram.[7]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.