Re-read paragraph 5, which contains phrases about the behaviour or feelings of the writer. Explain: • the meaning of the phrases as they are used in the passage • the effect of the phrases as they are used in the passage.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2018). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. Reward any plausible explanations. Candidates should be awarded marks for an appropriate response to the 'effect' part of the question, even if no marks are scored for the 'meaning' part, and vice versa.
2. [1] 12(a) Meaning: the writer followed Lila (down) to the cellar / basement / downstairs room // Lila led the writer (down) to the cellar basement / downstairs room Not Allowed Responses: 'damp, dimly lit space' for 'cellar'
3. [1] 12(a) Effect: Lila is brave / confident / fearless / braver than the writer // the writer is timid / scared / not as brave as Lila / relies on Lila // the cellar is scary / a frightening place // they were scared of what they would find there
4. [1] 12(b) Meaning: the writer/ she was excited / thrilled / happy / hopeful / delighted because (she thought) she had found her doll / her / it / her toy but she hadn't / it was only a page of a newspaper / it was just a piece of (crumpled) paper Not Allowed Responses: Verbatim lift of 'with a tug at my heart' or 'crumpled page of an old newspaper'
5. [1] 12(b) Effect: (it shows / emphasises) the writer's / her disappointment / unhappiness / sadness / her contrasting emotions / the range of her emotions / that the writer was discouraged / disheartened / how precious her doll is to her / that she's desperate to find her doll // it makes the reader feel sorry / have sympathy for her