Read Passage 1 in the insert and answer all the questions below. (a) Notes [15 marks] Identify and write down the points in the passage which describe the uses and rise in popularity of glass in former times, and the uses and continuing popularity of glass in modern times. USE THE MATERIAL FROM PARAGRAPH 2 TO PARAGRAPH 7 INCLUSIVE. At this stage, you need NOT use your own words. To help you get started, the first point in each section of notes is done for you. You will be awarded up to 15 marks for content points. MAIN POINTS The uses and rise in popularity of glass in former times • Used to make jewellery in Mesopotamia (5,000 years ago) The uses and continuing popularity of glass in modern times • Glass allows the entry of natural light, creating a feeling of airiness / space

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2016). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] Used to make jewellery in Mesopotamia (5000 years ago)
2. [1] In (Ancient) Egypt, utensils made from glass (were given as presents to important people)
3. [1] Egyptians developed techniques to make / made range of colours // Egyptians developed techniques to make / made vibrant colours
4. [1] Romans used patterns of coloured glass / mosaics to cover floors /walls / as art(work) / as decoration
5. [1] Roman glass utensils became inexpensive / less expensive than pottery ones
6. [1] Romans used (clear) glass for architectural purposes / windows (of public buildings / luxurious houses)
7. [1] (Invention of) glass-blowing (to make utensils / bottles)
8. [1] (Glass) spread to many / other parts of the world
9. [1] In (Christian) churches, stained glass (windows) told religious stories (to illiterate people)
10. [1] Admiration of the art of stained glass (ensured its / glass's popularity)
11. [1] Glass allows the entry of natural light, creating a feeling of airiness / space
12. [1] Architects can show their creativity by taking advantage of / using (different) patterns/ colours (of glass) // Creativity can be shown by using (different) patterns/ colours (of glass)
13. [1] Using glass to build walls means that less electricity is required to light buildings
14. [1] (Glass) is a bad conductor of heat / is a good insulator / regulates heat/temperature (in hot / cold countries) // in cold countries (glass) keeps heat in and in hot countries it keeps heat out
15. [1] (glass) reduces / cuts down / saves on bills / costs for fuel / heating / air conditioning
16. [1] Giving glass coating / insulation makes it (more) energy saving
17. [1] Used in architectural design / by architects / in public buildings / in office complexes because it is (a relatively) inexpensive (building material)
18. [1] Curved glass is used in (construction of) airports / concert halls / shopping arcades
19. [1] Completely recyclable
20. [1] (Glass) can be recycled more easily than other (storage) materials / plastic
21. [1] (Glass is used) to educate / give awareness about environmental issues / saving the planet // (Glass is used) to give a sense of environmental awareness
22. [5] (Own Words) Candidates make a sustained attempt to re-phrase the text language. Allow phrases from the text which are difficult to substitute.
23. [5] (Use of English) Apart from very occasional slips, the language is accurate. Any occasional errors are either slips or minor errors. There is a marked ability to use original complex syntax outside text structures. Punctuation is accurate and helpful to the reader.