The Von Neumann model for a computer system uses registers.
- (a)(i)Describe the role of the following special purpose registers in the fetch-execute (F-E) cycle. Memory Address Register (MAR) Memory Data Register (MDR)[4]
- (a)(ii)Another special purpose register is the Index Register. Identify one other special purpose register used in the Von Neumann model for a computer system.[1]
- (b)(i)In the following table, each row shows the current contents of the ACC in binary and the instruction that will be performed on those contents. Complete the table by writing the new contents of the ACC after the execution of each instruction. Current contents of the ACC Instruction New contents of the ACC 01010101 XOR 101 11110000 AND 104 00001111 LSL #4 11111111 OR 102[4]
- (b)(ii)The following table contains five assembly language instruction groups. Write an appropriate assembly language instruction for each instruction group, using the given instruction set. The first one has been completed for you. Instruction Group Instruction Data movement LDM #2 Input and output of data Arithmetic operations Unconditional and conditional instructions Compare instructions[4]
- (b)(iii)The opcode LDM uses immediate addressing. The opcode LDD uses direct addressing. Identify and describe one additional mode of addressing. Mode of addressing Description[2]
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2021). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] MAR: Stores the next address to be fetched
- [1] MAR: ... held in the Program Counter (PC)
- [1] MAR: The data at this address is then fetched
- [1] MDR: Stores the data from the address pointed to by the MAR
- [1] MDR: The data in it is copied to the Current Instruction Register (CIR)
- [1] Program Counter (PC) / Current Instruction Register (CIR) / Status register / Interrupt register
- [1] 01010101 XOR (memory[101]=11110000) = 10100101
- [1] 11110000 AND (memory[104]=11111111) = 11110000
- [1] 00001111 LSL #4 = 11110000
- [1] 11111111 OR (memory[102]=00001111) = 11111111
- [1] Input and output of data: IN / OUT
- [1] Arithmetic Operations: INC ACC / INC IX
- [1] Unconditional and conditional instructions: JPN 100 / JMP 100
- [1] Compare instructions: CMP 100
- [1] Mode of addressing: Indirect addressing / Relative addressing / Indexed addressing
- [1] Description (for Indirect addressing): the address to be used is at the given address
- [1] Description (for Relative addressing): the address to be used is an offset number of locations away, relative to the address of the current instruction
- [1] Description (for Indexed addressing): form the address from the given address plus the contents of the index register
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