A computer has system software.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2021). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] Correctly identifies Buffer full as Hardware interrupt AND Printer is out of paper as Hardware interrupt
2. [1] Correctly identifies User has pressed a key on the keyboard as Hardware interrupt AND Division by zero as Software interrupt
3. [1] Correctly identifies Power failure as Hardware interrupt AND Stack overflow as Software interrupt
4. [1] Storage space is divided into file allocation units
5. [1] Space is allocated to particular files
6. [1] Maintains / creates directory structures
7. [1] Specifies the logical method of file storage (e.g. FAT or NTFS)
8. [1] Provides file naming conventions
9. [1] Controls access // implements access rights // implements password protection // Makes file sharing possible
10. [1] Specifies tasks that can be performed on a file (e.g. open, close, delete, copy, create, move etc.)
11. [1] 1 mark for identifying program 1 mark for description, max 2 per program e.g. Defragmentation
12. [1] Less time is taken to access files because each one is contiguous so there is less head movement
13. [1] 1 mark for identifying program 1 mark for description, max 2 per program e.g. Disk/system clean up
14. [1] releases storage by removing unwanted / temporary files