Separate samples of 0.02 mol of calcium carbonate and 0.02 mol of barium carbonate are heated until completely decomposed to the metal oxide and carbon dioxide.
- (a)State which of these two Group 2 carbonates requires the higher temperature before it begins to decompose. Explain your answer.[2]
- (b)After decomposition is complete, the 0.02 mol sample of calcium oxide is taken and added to 2.00 dm³ of water. A solution is formed with no solid present. Dilute sulfuric acid is then added dropwise until a precipitate is seen. The same procedure is repeated with the 0.02 mol sample of barium oxide, using the same concentration solution of dilute sulfuric acid. Identify the sample to which most sulfuric acid must be added to cause a precipitate to appear. Explain your answer. You should refer to the solubilities of the precipitates and relevant energy terms in your answer.[3]
- (c)(i)Calculate the mass, in g, of CO₂ produced by the decomposition of 0.020 moles of calcium carbonate.[1]
- (c)(ii)Calculate the minimum mass, in g, of propane that would, on complete combustion, produce the same mass of CO₂ calculated in (c)(i). Give your answer to three significant figures.[2]
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2021). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] barium carbonate / Ba / BaCO3
- [1] larger ionic radius OR smaller charge density of cation / M2+ OR anion / CO32-/ carbonate ion is less distorted / less polarised OR C-O / C=O less weakened
- [1] calcium oxide / calcium hydroxide
- [1] CaSO4 / calcium sulfate is more soluble OR BaSO4 is less soluble
- [1] ΔHlatt and ΔHhyd are less exothermic / more endothermic (for BaSO4) OR ΔHhyd is dominant factor / ∆Hhyd change is greater OR ∆Hlatt changes less
- [1] mass of CO2 = 0.02 × 44 = 0.88 g
- [1] (writes correct equation, deduces 3 CO2 per mole) moles of propane = 0.02/3 OR 0.00667 OR 1/150
- [1] mass of propane = 0.02 /3 × 44 = 0.293 g ecf M1 × 44 3sf needed
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