When CINO₂ reacts with NO an equilibrium is established. CINO₂(g) + NO(g) ⇌ NO₂(g) + CINO(g) In each CINO₂ molecule the nitrogen atom is bonded to the chlorine atom and bonded to each of the oxygen atoms separately.
- (a)Draw a 'dot-and-cross' diagram for the CINO₂ molecule. [2][2]
- (b)(i)Write the rate equation for this reaction. rate = .......................................................................... [1][1]
- (b)(ii)Deduce the units of the rate constant, k, when the concentrations of both gases are measured in mol dm⁻³ and the rate is measured in mol dm⁻³s⁻¹. [1][1]
- (b)(iii)State and explain whether or not the reaction could take place in a single step. [1][1]
- (c)(i)Draw a graph on the grid to show how the concentration of CINO₂ varies for the first 0.20 seconds. [Figure X.X][2]
- (c)(ii)Deduce the concentration of the NO₂ product at 0.20 seconds. [1][1]
- (c)(iii)After 20 seconds the concentration of CINO₂ remains constant. Explain this observation. [1][1]
This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2019). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [2] M1: eight electrons around N atom [N=O, N-O, N-Cl with N-O as dative] M2: all other electrons correct
- [1] (rate =) k[CINO2][NO]
- [1] mol-1 dm³ s-1
- [1] Yes AND number of moles of reactants in overall equation is the same as order in rate equation
- [2] • straight line with a negative gradient • starting at 2.0 × 10–4 • reaches at 1.8 × 10-4 at 0.2 seconds Award 1 mark for two points, award 2 marks for all three points
- [1] 2 × 10-5 (mol dm-³)
- [1] The reaction has reached equilibrium
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