A-LevelBiologyControl and coordination9700/41 · May/June 2018 · Q813 Marks

8 (a) In mammals, the nervous system and the endocrine system coordinate responses to the changes in internal and external environments.

(a)Complete Table 8.1 to indicate the differences between the nervous system and the endocrine system. [Table 8.1] Table 8.1 | feature | nervous system | endocrine system | | :----------------------- | :--------------------------- | :---------------------------- | | method of communication | | | | method of transmission | | | | transmission speed | | | | duration of effect | | |[4]
(b)Fig. 8.1 shows the changes in the concentration of hormones in the blood during the menstrual cycle. [Figure 8.1] With reference to Fig. 8.1, match hormones A, B, C or D to the correct statements 1 to 4. Each hormone may be used once, more than once or not at all. 1 made by the corpus luteum 2 stimulates the repair of the endometrium 3 maintains the endometrium 4 stimulates ovulation[4]
(c)Outline the biological basis for contraceptive pills containing oestrogen and progesterone.[5]

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Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2018). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[4] feature nervous system endocrine system method of electrical / hormones / ; communication impulses / chemical(s) (messengers) action potentials / wave of depolarisation method of neurones / nerve fibres / blood (stream/plasma) / ; transmission nerve cells / axons circulation transmission fast(er)/quick(er)/rapid slow(er) ; speed duration of short(er) / long(er) / ; effect temporary / permanent / seconds minutes - years
[4] 1 D; 2 C; 3 D (and C); 4 A/B;
[5] any five from: 1 reduce / stops, FSH and LH (secretion / concentration); 2 ref. to negative feedback ; 3 ref. to hypothalamus / anterior pituitary (gland) ; 4 stops follicle, developing / maturing; 5 prevents ovulation ; 6 cervical mucus, thick / builds up / is hostile to sperm; 7 uterine lining / endometrium, thin / not ready, preventing implantation;

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