A-LevelBiologyHomeostasisMay/June 2022Paper 4 Q19 Marks
(a) The water potential of mammalian blood needs to be maintained within narrow limits so that cells function efficiently. This process is called osmoregulation. The relative medullary thickness (RMT) indicates the proportion of a kidney that is composed of medullary tissue. RMT = thickness of medulla / kidney size X 10 Table 1.1 shows the relationship between the RMT and the concentration of urine produced by four mammals from different habitats. Table 1.1 mammal | habitat | RMT | urine concentration/arbitrary units -------|-------------------|-----|------------------------------------ beaver | rivers and lakes | 1.4 | 0.90 warthog| savannah | 2.8 | 2.35 human | variable | 3.2 | 2.50 kangaroo rat| desert | 8.6 | 10.50
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