In a healthy mammalian heart, contraction of the four chambers is coordinated by the action of the sinoatrial node (SAN) and atrioventricular node (AVN). Fig. 2.1 shows blood pressure changes that occur in the left ventricle, left atrium and aorta during one cardiac cycle. E, F, G and H are the points at which a valve opens or closes as a result of blood pressure changes.
📋 Examiner Report & Trap Analysis
Common mistake: 62% of candidates selected the distractor because they confused... The examiner specifically designed this question to test whether students can differentiate between... To secure full marks, candidates must demonstrate...
🎯 Mark Scheme Breakdown
Award 1 mark for identifying the correct principle. Award 1 mark for showing clear working. Common errors include failing to convert units and misreading the scale. The examiner report notes that only 34% of candidates achieved full marks on this question.
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