A-LevelBiologyTransport in mammals9700/22 · Feb/Mar 2017 · Q410 Marks

The transport systems of plants and mammals both function to transport substances to and from cells. (a) Table 4.1 contains descriptions concerning the mammalian circulatory system and the structure of the heart. Complete Table 4.1 by writing down the term that matches each description. Table 4.1 description term a transport system where blood is enclosed in blood vessels and passes through the heart twice in one complete circuit of the body blood vessel, with a lumen of approximately 7µm in diameter, that supplies substances to cells the blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart the chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from the body the structure dividing the heart into the left and right sides

(a)Table 4.1 contains descriptions concerning the mammalian circulatory system and the structure of the heart. Complete Table 4.1 by writing down the term that matches each description. Table 4.1 description term a transport system where blood is enclosed in blood vessels and passes through the heart twice in one complete circuit of the body blood vessel, with a lumen of approximately 7µm in diameter, that supplies substances to cells the blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart the chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from the body the structure dividing the heart into the left and right sides[5]
(b)(i)Water is the main component of the fluids associated with transport in mammals and plants. One property of water is its ability to act as a solvent. Suggest why this property is important in the mammalian transport system.[2]
(b)(ii)The transport of water in plants depends on the ability of water molecules to form hydrogen bonds. Explain how hydrogen bonding is involved with the movement of water in the xylem.[3]

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Feb/Mar 2017). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[5] 4(a) (closed) double circulation ; capillary; pulmonary vein ; right atrium; A auricle septum ;
[2] 4(b)(i) two from: 1 idea that (to be transported) many substances need to, dissolve / be in solution ; 2 ionic compounds/named, can, dissociate/dissolve; 3 polar compounds/named, e.g. glucose/amino acids, can dissolve ; 4 globular proteins/named, e.g. antibodies, can dissolve ;
[3] 4(b)(ii) three from: 1 water molecules attracted to each other; A sticky/stickiness cohesion: 2 (hydrogen bonding provides) cohesion between water molecules ; A water is cohesive 3 reference to water leaving xylem (at top), pulling water (molecules below) ; A there is a transpiration pull adhesion: 4 adhesion to cellulose lining (of xylem); A cellulose wall 5 maintains/prevents falling of, column of water; 6 AVP e.g. reference to cellulose hydrophilic / adhesion to hydrophilic parts of lignin;

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