Edexcel IGCSEGeographyGeneral Applications6 Marks

Figure 1 shows the Human Development Index (HDI) for three countries.

(a)State the country with the lowest Human Development Index (HDI) score.[1]
(b)(i)Figure 1 also shows the Gross National Income (GNI) per capita for the same three countries. Explain why Brazil has a much higher GNI per capita than Bangladesh.[2]
(b)(ii)Explain one reason why HDI is a better measure of economic development than GNI per capita.[3]

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Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme. The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

Question 21 (a) Nigeria (1)
Question 21 (b)(i) Marks will be awarded for two appropriate points that explain why Brazil has a higher GNI per capita than Bangladesh. One mark for the cause and one for the explanation. E.g. Brazil has a higher level of industrialisation (1) allowing it to produce manufactured goods that can be sold for a higher value (1). (2)
Question 21 (b)(ii) Marks will be awarded for explaining why HDI is a better measure than GNI per capita. One mark for the reason and two marks for the explanation or two marks for the reason and one for the explanation. E.g. HDI measures more than just money (1) it also includes factors such as life expectancy and education (1) which gives a more holistic view of development (1). (3)

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