O-LevelPhysicsEnergy & Work5054/21 · Oct/Nov 2025 · Q28 Marks

In a factory, an electric motor is used to lift the boxes shown in Fig. 2.1. The boxes are placed in a cage and the motor winds a cable around a cylinder to lift the cage and boxes. The total mass of the boxes is 37 kg and they are lifted vertically through 13m to a storage area. [Figure 2.1]

(a)(i)the total weight of the boxes[1]
(a)(ii)the useful work done in lifting the boxes to the storage area.[2]
(b)(i)the total energy transferred electrically to the motor in 11 s[2]
(b)(ii)the percentage efficiency of the lifting process.[1]
(c)Some of the energy transferred by the motor during the lifting process is not transferred usefully. State two reasons why the efficiency of the lifting process is less than 100%.[2]

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Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2025). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[B1] 360 (N)
[C1] (work done = ) Fx or 360 × 13
[A1] 4700 (J)
[C1] (energy =) VIt or 230 × 5.6 × 11
[A1] 1.4 × 10⁴ (J)
[B1] 0.33 or 33%
[B2] any two from: (work done / GPE) to lift the cage/cable; (energy transferred) thermally in motor (coils); (work done) overcoming friction/air resistance

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