O-LevelPhysicsMagnetism5054/22 · Oct/Nov 2023 · Q88 Marks

Fig. 8.1 shows a permanent magnet attached to one end of an unstretched spring and held at rest just above a solenoid. [Figure 8.1] The solenoid is connected to a sensitive ammeter.

(a)State the name of a substance from which permanent magnets are made.[1]
(b)(i)The magnet is released and moves downwards towards the solenoid. The ammeter shows that there is a current in the solenoid when the magnet moves. Explain why there is a current in the solenoid.[3]
(b)(ii)The current causes the top end of the solenoid to become the S pole of an electromagnet. The bottom end of the permanent magnet is an S pole. Explain why the top end of the solenoid becomes an S pole as the magnet moves downwards towards the solenoid.[2]
(c)The magnet oscillates up and down. Describe what happens to the current in the solenoid.[2]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2023). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[1] steel
[1] magnetic field (lines of magnet) cut (by solenoid) or magnetic field (in solenoid) changes
[1] electromotive force / e.m.f. induced / current induced
[1] electromotive force / e.m.f. cause current (in closed circuit)
[1] Lenz law mentioned or to oppose the change (causing the current)
[1] (In order to) repel magnet (upwards) or upward force on magnet or repulsion (of magnet) mentioned or to oppose the magnet or resists motion of magnet
[1] current / it changes direction
[1] magnitude / size of current changes or current increases / decreases

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