O-LevelPhysicsEnergy & Work5054/21 · Oct/Nov 2023 · Q28 Marks
A lorry (truck) is at rest on a straight, horizontal road. A constant driving force of 5.4 × 10⁴ N acts on the lorry and it accelerates forwards.
- (a)Define what is meant by 'acceleration'.[2]
- (b)(i)State the equation that defines work done. Refer to the direction of the force exerted.[1]
- (b)(ii)Calculate the work done on the lorry by the driving force when the lorry travels a distance of 280 m. work done = ........................................................................ J[2]
- (b)(iii)At one point on the road, the kinetic energy of the lorry is 3.2 × 10⁶ J and its speed is 12 m/s. Calculate the mass of the lorry. mass = ........................................................................ kg[3]
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2023). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [B1] change / increase of velocity (with time)
- [B1] change / increase of velocity per unit time or rate of change / increase of velocity
- [B1] force × distance moved in the direction of the force / forwards
- [C1] (work done =) 5.4 × 10⁴ × 280
- [A1] 1.5 × 10⁷ (J)
- [C1] Ek = ½mv² or (m =) 2 × Ek / v²
- [C1] (m =) 2 × 3.2 × 10⁶ / 12² or 2 × 3.2 × 10⁶ / 144
- [A1] 4.4 × 10⁴ (kg)
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