A bridge rectifier using four ideal diodes is shown in [Figure 10.1]. The sinusoidal alternating electromotive force (e.m.f.) applied between points A and B has a root-mean-square (r.m.s.) value of 7.0 V.

1. (a)(i)On Fig. 10.1, circle the diodes that conduct when point B is positive with respect to point A.[1]
2. (a)(ii)Calculate the maximum potential difference V_MAX across resistor R. V_MAX = ........................................................... V[1]
3. (b)(i)A capacitor is connected into the circuit to produce smoothing of the potential difference across resistor R. The variation with time t of the potential difference V across resistor R is shown in [Figure 10.2]. On Fig. 10.1, draw the symbol for a capacitor, connected so as to produce smoothing.[1]
4. (b)(ii)State the effect, if any, on the magnitude of the ripple on V when, separately: 1. a capacitor of larger capacitance is used 2. the resistor R has a smaller resistance.[2]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.