Who was Rahmat Ali?

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2019). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [14] Level 5: Explains with evaluation (As top of Level 4 plus judgement or evaluation)
2. [9-13] Level 4: Explains the Moplah uprising of 1921 AND other reasons (Two explanations, one Moplah and one on other reasons, are worth nine marks. Additional explanations awarded up to 13 marks)
3. e.g.
4. Uprising
5. ∞ Moplahs were deeply religious Muslims who rose up against their Hindu landlords and the British in South India. Their activities destroyed a police station and Hindu property. This action divided Hindus and Muslims and put in doubt Hindu cooperation in the Khilafat Movement.
6. Other reasons
7. ∞ 18 000 Muslim people migrated to Afghanistan (hijrat) to protect and foster Islam after a promise of homes and land. However the Afghan government did not welcome the hijrats and refused many of them entry. Many of those returning to India died on the journey back or they found themselves homeless and their jobs occupied. This was dispiriting for the Muslim community and support for the Khilafat Movement was lost.
8. ∞ Some of the leaders including Maulana and Muhammad Ali were imprisoned in 1921, which made the organisation less effective.
9. ∞ Gandhi had seen an opportunity for self-rule by joining the Movement and the involvement of the Hindu community was initially welcomed by many Muslims. However, this made the objectives of the Movement less clear since it was felt that Hindu groups and Gandhi were using it to advance their own interests, not those of the Muslim community.
10. ∞ The Chauri Chaura incident of violence between protesters and the police led Gandhi to withdraw his support from the Khilafat Movement. This left Muslim groups to continue the work of the Movement alone which, combined with the imprisonment of their leaders and the Hijrat, was challenging.
11. ∞ The end of the Movement was also brought about by the decision of the Muslim Mustafa Kamal Ataturk to form a nationalist government in Turkey. Muslim groups now had no cause to follow.
12. [7-10] Level 3: Explains the Moplah uprising of 1921 OR other reasons (One explanation is worth seven marks. Additional explanations awarded up to 10 marks)
13. See exemplars in L4
14. [3-6] Level 2: Identifies / describes reasons (One identification / description is three marks. Extra marks are awarded for additional identification / descriptions up to six marks)
15. e.g.
16. ∞ Kamal Ataturk's new government in Turkey abolished it
17. ∞ The impact of the Hijrat
18. ∞ Gandhi called off his support
19. ∞ Leaders were put in prison
20. [1-2] Level 1: Simple statement(s) (One simple statement is worth one mark. An answer with additional simple statements is worth two marks)
21. e.g.
22. 08 The uprising took place in South India