Who was Lord Wellesley?

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2019). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1-4] (a) Level 1: One mark for each relevant point, two marks for a developed statement
2. [1] (a) Governor General of India in 1798.
3. [1] (a) Wellesley persuaded local princes / rulers to sign subsidiary alliances.
4. [1] (a) Local rulers were also forbidden to make any other alliances.
5. [1] (a) In 1799 Wellesley invaded Mysore killing Tipu Sultan and gaining control of his lands.
6. [1] (a) Wellesley also defeated the Nawabs of Oudh and took control of their territory.
7. [0] (a) No evidence submitted or response does not address the question
8. [5-7] (b) Level 3: Explains reasons (Five marks for one explanation, six marks for two explanations, seven marks for three explanations)
9. [1] (b) The Indian population were not united in a common cause.
10. [1] (b) The Punjab was uninterested in helping the rebellion and actually sent men and supplies to help the British as they did not want imperial power restored.
11. [1] (b) This also happened in Kashmir where the ruler sent 2000 troops to help the British as this benefitted his own feudal powers.
12. [1] (b) The British had modern methods of fighting and the army was well organised as well as being supplied by some of the local rulers.
13. [2-4] (b) Level 2: Identifies reasons (One mark for each identification)
14. [1] (b) There was no plan
15. [1] (b) There was a lack of unity
16. [1] (b) The British had more firepower
17. [1] (b) Level 1: Simple statement (One mark for any simple statement)
18. [1] (b) The uprisings were unsuccessful
19. [0] (b) No evidence submitted or response does not address the question
20. [14] (c) Level 5: Explains with evaluation (As top of Level 4 plus judgement or evaluation)
21. [9-13] (c) Level 4: Explains his religious views AND other contributions (Two explanations, one on success and one on less success, are worth nine marks. Additional explanations awarded up to 13 marks)
22. [1] (c) Religious views: He believed relations with the British could be improved by improving the understanding of Christianity by Muslim groups. He tried to overcome this by writing Tabyin-ul-Kalam, in which he pointed out the similarities between Islam and Christianity.
23. [1] (c) Religious views: He was also aware that the British knew little about Islam. After reading a book in Britain on the life of the Prophet, he wrote his own work correcting the many errors he had read.
24. [1] (c) Education: In 1863 he founded the Scientific Society at Ghazipore. He wanted to make scientific writings available to Muslims by translating them from English into Urdu.
25. [1] (c) Education: He established a Muslim college, which led to the Muslim-Anglo Oriental College in 1876. This became the University of Aligarh, which became important as it educated many future leaders.
26. [1] (c) Education: Improving the position of the Muslim community in society through encouraging a Western education.
27. [1] (c) Politics: He recognised that the Muslim community could not win any election because of the Hindu majority population, so he advocated separate seats and a separate electorate, which was the forerunner of the future demand for a separate homeland.
28. [1] (c) Politics: His books following the War of Independence attempted to restore British understanding about the Muslim community. He showed that there were Muslim supporters of the British government. He gave explanation of the word 'Nadarath' and suggested that the British should try to understand Muslim groups better.
29. [1] (c) Language: Sir Syed was concerned that the Hindu community demanded that Hindi should be made the official language in 1867 in place of Urdu. He became opposed to the way that Congress was working for the interests of Hindus in a way that was detrimental to the Muslim community. This led to the formation of the United Patriotic Alliance.
30. [1] (c) Language: Sir Syed emphasised this threat to the Muslim community and developed his Two Nation Theory, as a result many Muslim groups called him the 'Father of the Pakistan Movement'.
31. [7-10] (c) Level 3: Explains his religious views OR other contributions (One explanation is worth seven marks. Additional explanations awarded up to 10 marks)
32. [3-6] (c) Level 2: Identifies / describes his contributions (One identification / description is worth three marks. Extra marks are awarded for additional identification / descriptions up to six marks)
33. [1] (c) He wrote a number of books
34. [1] (c) He opened a school and a university
35. [1] (c) He was interested in science writings
36. [1] (c) He believed in the Two Nation Theory
37. [1] (c) He was opposed to the Hindi language taking over from Urdu
38. [1-2] (c) Level 1: Simple statement(s) (One simple statement is worth one mark. An answer with additional simple statements is worth two marks)
39. [1] (c) His religious views were important
40. [0] (c) No evidence submitted or response does not address the question