Electromagnetic radiation is produced by the Sun and travels from the Sun to the Earth.

1. (a)Some of the statements below are true and some of them are false. Put a tick (✔) in the box after each statement to show whether it is true or false. Gamma rays are used to kill cancerous cells but can also cause cancer. Infra-red is used in sun-beds. Radio waves have the highest frequency in the electromagnetic spectrum. The higher the frequency of the radiation the smaller is the wavelength in air.[2]
2. (b)(i)The glass prism in Fig. 9.1 is used to split white light from the Sun into different colours. Draw, on Fig. 9.1, to show the action of the prism on the light as it passes through the prism. [Figure 9.1][3]
3. (b)(ii)Explain why the prism splits white light into different colours.[2]
4. (c)(i)The Earth is 1.5 × 10⁸km from the Sun. State the speed of light in a vacuum.[1]
5. (c)(ii)Calculate the time taken for light to travel from the Sun to the Earth. time = ................................................................[2][2]
6. (d)(i)The Sun also produces a solar wind, which is a stream of charged particles. In one part of space, the solar wind is due to the movement of protons and alpha-particles away from the Sun. A charge of 180 C passes through a small volume of space in 2.0 minutes. Calculate the electric current in this volume of space. current = ................................................................[2][2]
7. (d)(ii)Complete the table in Fig. 9.2 for an alpha-particle, a proton and a gamma ray. [Figure 9.2][3]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.