O-LevelPhysicsEnergy & Work5054/21 · May/June 2018 · Q46 Marks

A woman does work as she raises a flag by pulling downwards on a rope. This is shown in Fig. 4.1. [Figure 4.1]

(a)Define what is meant by work done.[2]
(b)The mass of the flag is 0.35kg and the flag is raised through a height of 6.0 m. The gravitational field strength g is 10N/kg. Calculate the increase in gravitational potential energy of the flag. gravitational potential energy = ................................................................[2][2]
(c)Suggest and explain a reason why the work done on the rope is larger than the value calculated in (b).[2]

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Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2018). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[C1] force x distance (moved)
[A1] force x distance moved in direction of force
[C1] mgh in any form numerical or algebraic
[A1] 21 J
[B1] larger force is needed (by woman / on rope)
[B1] (because of either) • friction / heat produced • weight of rope / her arms • flag / rope gains K.E. • flag accelerates / gains speed

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