O-LevelPhysicsForces5054/21 · May/June 2015 · Q915 Marks
Fig. 9.1 shows a satellite in orbit around the Earth. The rocket and fuel have a total mass of 40000kg and a total weight of 400000 N. The resultant force acting upwards on the rocket is 50000 N. [Figure 9.1 (not to scale)] [Figure 9.2]
- (a)(i)Underline the quantities in the list below that are scalars. acceleration force mass speed velocity[2]
- (a)(ii) 1.State what is meant by velocity.[1]
- (a)(ii) 2.Explain why the velocity changes.[1]
- (a)(iii)Explain what makes this satellite move in an orbit that is circular.[2]
- (b)(i)Calculate the thrust produced by the rocket engine.[1]
- (b)(ii)Calculate the acceleration of the rocket.[2]
- (c)(i)State what is meant by a uniform acceleration.[2]
- (c)(ii)On Fig. 9.4, sketch the speed-time graph of the rocket for the first 12 minutes. You do not need to give values for the speed.[3]
- (c)(iii)State how the speed-time graph in (ii) can be used to find the distance travelled by the rocket.[1]
This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2015). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [2] speed and mass
- [1] speed and direction or distance/time and direction or displacement/time
- [1] direction changes
- [1] force of gravity from/towards Earth
- [1] force is centripetal or at right angles to motion/velocity
- [1] 450000 N
- [1] (a =) F/m or 50000/40000
- [1] 1.25 m/s²
- [1] same change in velocity/speed
- [1] in same time period
- [1] start at origin and straight line for first 4 minutes
- [1] gradient increases at first after 4 and then decreases
- [1] constant speed from 10 minutes until 12 minutes
- [1] area under graph
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