O-LevelPhysicsThermal Physics5054/22 · Oct/Nov 2020 · Q48 Marks
Describe, in terms of molecules, the structure of a solid.
- (a)Describe, in terms of molecules, the structure of a solid.[3]
- (b)Fig. 4.1 shows a metal-worker heating a horseshoe to a high temperature before shaping it. [Figure 4.1] The metal-worker then cools the horseshoe by dropping it into 8.0kg of water at 18°C. The final temperature of the water is 43°C. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200J/(kg°C).
- (b)(i)Calculate the thermal energy transferred to the water as the horseshoe cools. energy =[2]
- (b)(ii)The heat capacity of the horseshoe is 850 J/°C. Calculate the temperature of the horseshoe immediately before it is dropped into the water. temperature =[3]
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Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2020). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] (a) (molecules in) fixed places / positions/arrangement/pattern
- [1] (a) (molecules in) lattice or in an orderly / repeating/regular arrangement
- [1] (a) (molecules) close together or tightly packed
- [1] (b)(i) (Q =) mcΔT or 8.0 x 4200 x (43–18) or 8.0 × 4200 × 25
- [1] (b)(i) 8.4 × 10⁵ J or 840 000 J
- [1] (b)(ii) Δθ = Q/C or 8.4 × 10⁵/850 or 988 (°C) or 990 (°C) or 1013 (°C)
- [1] (b)(ii) 988 (°C) or 990 (°C) or 1013 (°C) or 43 + 8.4 × 10⁵/850
- [1] (b)(ii) 1031 °C or 1030 °C or 1033 °C or 1000 °C
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