Section B Answer two questions from this section. Answer in the spaces provided. Fig. 9.1 shows a large container ship travelling at constant speed in a straight line. [Figure 9.1] The resistive force acting on the ship is 2.8 × 10⁶ N.

1. (a)(i)The speed of the ship is 9.7 m/s. Calculate the work done against the resistive force on the ship in 1.0s. work done = [2]
2. (a)(ii)The engines are powered by oil. State the energy transfer that is taking place when the ship is travelling at constant speed.[2]
3. (b)(i)The mass of the ship is 2.2 x 10⁸kg. The engines are switched off and the resistive force causes the ship to decelerate. Calculate the initial deceleration of the ship. deceleration = [2]
4. (b)(ii)1.As the speed of the ship decreases, its deceleration changes. Suggest and explain how the deceleration changes.[2]
5. (b)(ii)2.On Fig. 9.2, sketch a possible speed-time graph for the ship as it decelerates to rest. [Figure 9.2][2]
6. (b)(ii)3.Explain how the distance travelled by the ship may be determined from the speed-time graph.[2]
7. (c)(i)When the ship is travelling at a different speed, energy is being supplied to the engines at a rate of 33 MJ/s. The efficiency of the engines is 0.36 (36%). State a relationship that defines efficiency.[1]
8. (c)(ii)Calculate the rate at which energy is wasted in the engines. rate at which energy is wasted = [2]

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