Fig. 8.1 is a diagram of a nuclear reactor. control rod fuel rod coolant out moderator container vessel concrete shielding coolant in [Figure 8.1] Nuclear fission occurs within the fuel rods which become hotter as a result. The thermal energy is transferred to the coolant circulating around the rods.

1. (a)In Table 8.1 state the purpose of each part of the reactor. Table 8.1 part purpose container vessel to withstand high pressures and temperatures and make sure no coolant escapes concrete shielding control rods moderator[3]
2. (b)Describe what causes the fission of a single nucleus of uranium-235 in the fuel rods, and describe what happens during the fission.[3]
3. (c)(i)The specific heat capacity of the coolant is an important quantity in the design of the reactor. State what is meant by 'specific heat capacity'.[2]
4. (c)(ii)Suggest and explain whether the coolant should have a large or a small specific heat capacity.[1]

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