(a) Fig. 4.1 shows light passing through a triangular glass prism. [Figure 4.1]
- (a)(i)State the value of the angle of incidence at point P. angle of incidence =[1]
- (a)(ii)Draw the normal and the angle of incidence at point R. Label the angle of incidence.[2]
- (a)(iii)State two conditions needed so that no light refracts from the glass into the air at point Q. 1 2[2]
- (b)(i)Information is sent across the internet using pulses of visible light through long, thin glass fibres and electrical signals through copper wires. State the name of one other type of electromagnetic radiation used to transmit information through long, thin glass fibres.[1]
- (b)(ii)Suggest two advantages of using glass fibres rather than copper wires to transmit information from the internet. 1 2[2]
This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2024). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- 4(a)(i) 0
- 4(a)(ii) normal correct by eye
- 4(a)(ii) angle of incidence correct and labelled
- 4(a)(ii) angle of incidence greater than critical angle
- 4(a)(ii) from more dense to less dense (medium) / from high to low refractive index
- 4(b)(i) infrared
- 4(b)(ii) ANY 2 from • more calls per second or greater bandwidth or faster speed • less chance of hacking • less interference • less (information) noise • longer transmission distances (before losing signal) / less attenuation • thinner or lighter or less mass/weight
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