O-LevelPhysicsForces5054/21 · May/June 2023 · Q19 Marks

An aircraft pulls a glider along a runway as shown in Fig. 1.1. [Figure 1.1] Fig. 1.2 shows the speed of the glider during the first 12s of the motion. [Figure 1.2]

(a)Describe the motion of the glider in the first 12s.[2]
(b)In the first 6.0s of the motion, there is a resultant force of 1800N on the glider. Using the increase in speed in the first 6.0s, calculate the mass of the glider.[3]
(c)Determine the distance travelled by the glider in the first 6.0s of its motion.[2]
(d)(i)State what is meant by a 'convection current'.[1]
(d)(ii)Suggest how the convection current that supports the glider is formed.[1]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2023). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[B1] uniform / constant acceleration (for 6s) / acceleration of 3.7 m/s²
[B1] after 6(.0 s) constant speed / zero acceleration
[C1] (a =) (v-u) / t in any form numerical or algebraic or 3.7 (m/s²) seen
[C1] (m =) F / a or (m =) Ft / v in any form numerical or algebraic
[A1] 490 (kg)
[C1] area under graph or average speed × time numerical or algebraic
[A1] 66 (m)
[B1] rising of hot air / hot fluid (and falling of cold air) or circulation of air / fluid with temperature differences
[B1] high temperature spot on Earth, e.g. from a chimney, dark patch in sunlight, above a town / land / surface; Sun heats surface or (hot) less dense air rises upwards

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