Alessandro has some important data stored on his computer. He is concerned about accidental damage to his data.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2020). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [3] Any three from: Loss of power/electricity; Spillage of liquids; Flood; Fire; Human error; Hardware failure; Software failure. NOTE: Three different types of human error can be awarded e.g. accidental deletion, not saving data, incorrect shutdown procedure
2. [1] Create a backup
3. [3] Max three from: Solid state drive; Non-volatile; Secondary storage; Flash memory; Has no mechanical/moving parts; Uses transistors; and cells that are laid out in a grid; Uses control gates and floating gates; Can be NAND/NOR (technology); Use EEPROM technology
4. [2] Max two from: Stores data by flashing it onto the chips; Data stored by controlling the flow of electrons through/using transistors/chips/gates; The electric current reaches the control gate and flows through to the floating gate to be stored; When data is stored the transistor is converted from 1 to 0
5. [1] One mark for each correct row:
6. [1] A type of optical storage: Blu-ray (✔), CD (✔), DVD (✔)
7. [1] Has the largest storage capacity: Blu-ray (✔)
8. [1] Can be dual layer: Blu-ray (✔), DVD (✔)
9. [1] Read using a red laser: CD (✔), DVD (✔)
10. [1] Has the smallest storage capacity: CD (✔)
11. [1] Stores data in a spiral track: Blu-ray (✔), CD (✔), DVD (✔)