O-LevelComputer ScienceAutomated and emerging technologies2210/11 · May/June 2025 · Q87 Marks

A robot is used to move car parts in a factory.

(a)One characteristic of the robot is that it has a mechanical structure. Give one other characteristic of a robot.[1]
(b)The robot has firmware. State what is meant by firmware.[1]
(c)Interrupts are generated when the robot is operating in the factory. Give two examples of interrupts that may be generated when the robot is in operation. 1 2[2]
(d)Give two advantages to the workers in the factory of using robots to move the car parts. 1 2[2]
(e)The robots have the ability to automatically adapt their own processes. State the name of the ability described.[1]

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2025). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[1] Any one from: • It has electrical components. // by example • It is programmable. • It can move.
[1] Any one from: • Permanent instructions/software that are programmed into/stored in the ROM. • Instructions/software that allow hardware to be controlled/managed. • Instructions/software that provides the operating system with a platform to run on.
[2] Any two from: Examples: • user input // by example • encountering an obstacle • emergency stop • hardware error • software error • battery low • component overheating • two processes accessing the same location
[2] Any two from: Examples: • Workers don't need to lift heavy machinery • The workers are less likely to injure themselves • The workers don't need to be in any dangerous environments in the factory • The workers don't need to perform boring/repetitive tasks such as moving car parts • Workers can focus on having higher expertise skills • Create new jobs for workers to maintain the robots.
[1] Machine learning

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