Carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide are pollutants formed in a car engine.

1. (a)Describe how nitrogen monoxide is formed in a car engine.[1]
2. (b)(i)Carbon monoxide reacts with nitrogen monoxide as shown in the equation. 2CO + 2NO → 2CO2 + N2 This reaction is extremely slow at room temperature but is much faster in the presence of a catalyst in a catalytic converter. Explain why this reaction involves both oxidation and reduction.[2]
3. (b)(ii)The reaction between carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide is exothermic. Explain, using ideas about bond breaking and bond forming, why the reaction is exothermic.[2]
4. (b)(iii)Explain, using ideas about particles, why increasing the temperature increases the rate of the reaction between carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide.[2]
5. (b)(iv)Explain why a catalyst increases the rate of the reaction between carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide.[1]
6. (b)(v)Explain, using ideas about particles, why the catalyst in a catalytic converter needs to have a large surface area.[2]