Aqueous sodium thiosulfate reacts with acid to make a precipitate of sulfur. Na2S2O3(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + SO2(g) + S(s) A student investigates the effect of temperature on the rate of this reaction. The student: • places a piece of paper with a cross on it below the reaction mixture as shown in the diagram • measures the time taken for the cross to no longer be seen • repeats the reaction at different temperatures. Which apparatus is needed for this investigation?

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D: measuring cylinder, stop-clock, thermometer
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