Food packaging produces lots of waste. This waste includes both plastic and glass.
- (a)One of the plastics is the addition polymer poly(propene). Complete the equation by drawing the partial structure of poly(propene). H₃C H C=C H H →[2]
- (b)Plastic waste is disposed of by combustion. Construct an equation to show the complete combustion of poly(propene). Use the empirical formula of poly(propene), CH₂, in the equation.[2]
- (c)(i)Some plastics are biodegradable. Suggest an advantage of a plastic that is biodegradable.[1]
- (c)(ii)The partial structure of a condensation polymer is shown. H O | || -O-C-C- | H -O-C-C- | H Draw the structure of the monomer used to make this polymer.[1]
- (d)Glass waste is melted and then made into new objects. Use the kinetic particle theory to describe the changes in movement and arrangement of the particles when a solid becomes a liquid.[2]
- (e)Glass is made from sand, SiO₂. Explain, in terms of structure and bonding, why sand has a high melting point.[2]
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Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2019). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [2] correct repeat unit (1)
- [2] open bonds (1)
- [2] 2CH₂ + 3O₂ → 2CO₂ + 2H₂O
- [2] correct formulae (1)
- [2] balancing – dependent on correct formulae (1)
- [1] will rot away / will not leave litter / no need to use land-fill sites (1)
- [1] [Drawing of HO-CH₂-COOH] (1)
- [2] idea of motion changing from vibration to (particles) sliding over each other (1)
- [2] idea of (particles) changing from ordered to disordered / regularly arranged to irregularly arranged(1)
- [2] sand is a giant molecule / giant covalent / macromolecule (1)
- [2] has many strong bonds (that have to be broken or overcome) / needs lots of energy to break or overcome the many bonds / difficult to break the many bonds (1)
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