Alkanes are a homologous series of saturated hydrocarbons. The table shows information about some alkanes. alkane molecular formula melting point /°C boiling point /°C ethane C2H6 -183 -89 butane C4H10 -138 0 hexane C6H14 -95 69 decane C10H22 -30 174 dodecane C12H26 -10 216

1. (a)Dodecane is a liquid at 25 °C. How can you make this deduction from the data in the table?[2]
2. (b)Butane melts at -138°C. Use the kinetic particle theory to explain what happens when butane melts.[2]
3. (c)A sample of ethane gas at 0°C is at a pressure of 1 atmosphere. The pressure is increased but the temperature is maintained at 0°C. Describe and explain, in terms of the kinetic particle theory, what happens to the volume of the gas.[2]
4. (d)Suggest a method of separating a mixture of hexane, decane and dodecane. Explain your answer.[1]
5. (e)Draw the structure, showing all the atoms and all the bonds, for two isomers with the molecular formula C4H10.[2]
6. (f)The structure of hexane is shown. ΗΗΗΗΗΗ H–C—C—C—C—C—C–H ΗΗΗΗΗΗ Draw the structure, showing all the atoms and all the bonds, of an organic product of the reaction of hexane with chlorine.[1]

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