The products of respiration are carbon dioxide and water.

1. (a)Complete the equation for respiration. C6H12O6 + .............................................................. → .............................................................. + ..............................................................[2]
2. (b)Carbon dioxide and methane are greenhouse gases which contribute to global warming.
3. (b)(i)State one effect on the environment of an increase in global warming.[1]
4. (b)(ii)Describe how the carbon cycle regulates the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.[2]
5. (c)Simple sugars can be polymerised to form starch. [Figure showing HO-sugar-OH and starch chain] a simple sugar starch
6. (c)(i)Deduce the formula of the molecule eliminated when simple sugars polymerise to form starch.[1]
7. (c)(ii)State the reagent and conditions needed to hydrolyse starch into simple sugars.[2]
8. (d)The amino acid alanine can form polymers. Part of the structure of poly(alanine) is shown. [Figure showing poly(alanine) structure]
9. (d)(i)On the diagram, draw a circle around all of the atoms in one amide linkage.[1]
10. (d)(ii)Draw the structure of the monomer used to make poly(alanine).[1]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.