O-LevelChemistryBonding & Structure5070/21 · Oct/Nov 2018 · Q610 Marks

Some properties of the Group V elements are shown. [Table: element, electrical conductivity of solid, melting point /°C, boiling point /°C for nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth]

(a)Use the information in the table.
(a)(i)Predict the physical state of nitrogen at –200 °C. Explain your answer.[2]
(a)(ii)Predict the melting point of arsenic.[1]
(b)Use the information in the table to explain how the structure and bonding in nitrogen differ from the structure and bonding in bismuth.[2]
(c)Antimony, Sb, reacts with chlorine to form antimony(III) chloride. Construct the equation for this reaction.[1]
(d)Nitrogen is present in dry air.
(d)(i)State the percentage by volume of nitrogen in dry air.[1]
(d)(ii)Nitrogen oxides are atmospheric pollutants. The concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhausts from car engines is decreased by using a catalytic converter. Describe the reactions that occur in a catalytic converter which help to remove nitrogen oxides from car exhausts.[2]
(d)(iii)State one other source of nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere.[1]

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2018). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[2] liquid (1) -200 °C is between the boiling and melting points / this temperature is higher than the melting point but lower than the boiling point (1)
[1] values between 50 °C and 600 °C (inclusive)
[2] nitrogen is a (simple) molecule / nitrogen is a simple covalent (molecule) / weak forces between molecules (1) bismuth has metallic bonding / bismuth has a metallic structure (1)
[1] 2Sb + 3Cl2 → 2SbCl3
[1] 78%
[2] nitrogen oxides are converted to nitrogen (1) (nitrogen oxides are removed) by reaction with carbon monoxide (1)
[1] lightning

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