The table below shows the reactivity of five metals with either cold water or steam or with both. metal | reactivity ---|--- barium | reacts rapidly with cold water copper | no reaction with steam or cold water magnesium | reacts very slowly with cold water but reacts with steam sodium | reacts very rapidly with cold water nickel | only reacts when powdered and heated strongly in steam
- (a)Deduce the order of reactivity of these metals using the information in the table. most reactive ................................ least reactive ................................[1]
- (b)(i)A simple electrochemical cell contains two electrodes in an electrolyte. Complete the diagram below to show how you could measure the voltage between the two different metal electrodes X and Y. [Figure showing two electrodes X and Y submerged in an electrolyte][1]
- (b)(ii)The order of reactivity of some metals is shown below. iron cobalt tin copper silver most reactive <------------ least reactive Which combination of metals from this list would produce the highest voltage when used as electrodes in an electrochemical cell?[1]
- (c)Strips of zinc can be attached to the hull of a ship to stop the steel from rusting. Explain how these strips of zinc stop the steel from rusting.[2]
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Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2014). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] A5 (a) sodium barium magnesium nickel copper (1)
- [1] A5 (b) (i) voltmeter and two wires either side of voltmeter across the electrodes (1)
- [1] A5 (b) (ii) iron and silver (1)
- [1] A5 (c) the zinc corrodes instead of the iron/zinc reacts instead of the iron (1)
- [1] A5 (c) zinc is more reactive (than iron)/zinc is more reactive (than steel)/zinc higher in the reactivity series (than steel/iron) OR reverse argument (1)
- [1] A5 (c) the zinc loses electrons in preference to the iron (1) IGNORE: sacrificial protection without qualification
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