O-LevelBiologyHuman Nutrition5090/22 · May/June 2022 · Q610 Marks

The diagram shows food inside part of the small intestine. [Figure 6.0 showing a cross-section of the small intestine with food, and labels U and T indicating points along the intestine.] (a) Describe and explain how food is moved between the two points, T and U, labelled on the diagram. [7] (b) State, for a normal healthy movement of food through the small intestine, one necessary component of a balanced diet one food that is a good source of this component one effect of malnutrition resulting from a lack of this component. [3]

(a)Describe and explain how food is moved between the two points, T and U, labelled on the diagram.[7]
(b)State, for a normal healthy movement of food through the small intestine, one necessary component of a balanced diet one food that is a good source of this component one effect of malnutrition resulting from a lack of this component.[3]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2022). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[1] peristalsis ;
[1] muscles ;
[1] antagonistic ;
[1] circular + longitudinal ;
[1] circular contract + at T / behind food OR circular relax + at U / in front of food ;
[1] longitudinal relax + at T / behind food OR longitudinal contract + at U / in front of food ;
[1] push / force / squeeze / narrows / constricts AW ;
[1] wave action / rhythmic ;
[1] T to U / from T / towards U / to left ;
[1] mucus + eases movement / reduces friction AW ;
[1] (component) fibre / roughage / cellulose ;
[1] (source) potatoes / brown rice / brown bread / wholewheat pasta / fruit / vegetables / named fruit or vegetable / any other correct ;
[1] (effect) constipation AW OR bowel / colon + cancer ;

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