O-LevelBiologyEcology & Environment5090/22 · May/June 2020 · Q710 Marks
The diagram shows three fruits, P, Q and R. Each fruit was produced by a different species of plant. [Figure 7 (Diagrams of three fruits: P is spiky with hooks, 5mm. Q is a cluster of red berries, 15mm. R is a feathery, parachute-like fruit, 10mm.)]
- (a)Suggest, with reference to structures shown in the diagram, how each fruit is dispersed. P Q R[7]
- (b)Outline the importance to a plant species of fruit dispersal.[3]
This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2020). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] P: animal;
- [1] hooks AW;
- [1] stick to animal;
- [1] detach from animal ;
- [1] Q: animal;
- [1] eaten;
- [1] seeds + not digested / are enzyme resistant ;
- [1] egested / removed in faeces ;
- [1] R: wind;
- [1] feathers / hairs / parachute ;
- [1] large surface area;
- [1] colonisation of new areas AW;
- [1] away from parent plant ;
- [1] prevention of competition ;
- [1] named competitive factor ;
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