O-LevelBiologyPlant Nutrition5090/21 · May/June 2019 · Q310 Marks
The diagram shows a seed immediately after it is planted. [Figure 3.1] The bar chart shows the total mass, the mass of starch and the mass of sugar in the seed immediately after it is planted (stage 1), and at three further stages in the development of the seedling. [Figure 3.2]
- (a)Name two factors that must be present for the seed to germinate. 1 2[2]
- (b)(i)State two substances, other than starch and sugar, that contribute to the total mass of the seed at stage 1. 1 2[2]
- (b)(ii)State the stage at which the seedling starts to photosynthesise, and give your reasons. stage reasons[3]
- (c)Explain the difference in the amount of starch and sugar between stage 2 and stage 3.[3]
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Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2019). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [2] water;
- [2] oxygen;
- [2] suitable AW + temperature ;
- [2] water;
- [2] protein / amino acids ;
- [2] enzymes;
- [2] mineral ions OR named ;
- [2] cellulose;
- [2] fats / oils / lipids ;
- [1] stage 4;
- [2] starch;
- [2] increases / being produced;
- [3] sugar increases / starch decreases ;
- [3] starch to sugar / maltose / glucose ;
- [3] digested / broken down / hydrolysed ;
- [3] by amylase;
- [3] for growth / respiration / energy ;
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