Fig. 2.1 shows a fetus developing inside its mother. [Figure 2.1]
- (a)Complete Table 2.1, using letters from Fig. 2.1, to identify each of the following: Table 2.1 a structure that contains urea released by the fetus a region that contains cells, almost all of which could be used for determining the sex of the fetus a structure that is used to expel the fetus at birth a temporary structure that would have been expelled during menstruation if pregnancy had not occurred[4]
- (b)Every day, babies are born suffering from severe withdrawal symptoms as a result of their mothers taking drugs during pregnancy.
- (b)(i)Name a drug which the mother may have taken during pregnancy that might cause these withdrawal symptoms.[1]
- (b)(ii)Suggest how drugs taken by the mother have been able to affect her developing fetus.[4]
This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2016). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [4] C/D/E;
- C/D;
- F;
- E;
- [1] heroin/alcohol/nicotine/named addictive drug ;
- [max 4] Ig reference to named drug / substance (e.g. CO, tar)
- mother's blood;
- diffusion;
- across or through placenta ;
- fetus/baby/embryo + blood;
- umbilical cord/umbilical vein ; R umbilical artery
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