Malnutrition is a global problem. In early 2020 the world population was approximately 7.8 billion people. Of these it is estimated that 1.9 billion adults were overweight and 462 million underweight.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2022). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] all (the necessary) nutrients / food types / components ;
2. [1] in the correct quantities ;
3. [1] carbohydrates + fats / lipids + protein ;
4. [1] minerals + vitamins;
5. [1] fibre /roughage ;
6. [1] tiredness / fatigue / lack of energy ;
7. [1] other described symptom, e.g. poor immunity / sick more often, hair thinning/loss / teeth and bone problems / less insulation ;
8. [1] kwashiorkor;
9. [1] loss of muscle mass / lack of muscle growth ;
10. [1] extra mass/load on body / pressure on joints;
11. [1] causing joint / skeletal problems ;
12. [1] occlusion of coronary arteries / occlusion of arteries in brain ;
13. [1] increased risk of (coronary) heart disease / heart attacks;
14. [1] increased risk of stroke;
15. [1] increased risk of diabetes;