O-LevelBiologyCoordination & Response5090/21 · Oct/Nov 2021 · Q59 Marks

The graph shows how blood alcohol concentration changes after a person drinks alcohol. 1.0 0.9- 0.8- 0.7- 0.6- blood alcohol concentration 0.5- / g per dm³ 0.4- 0.3- 0.2- 0.1- 0 T 0 1 2 3 T 4 5 6 7 time after drinking alcohol/hours

(a)Suggest how the shape of the graph can be explained by what happens in parts of the body after drinking alcohol.[4]
(b)The graph shows that the highest blood alcohol concentration for this person after drinking alcohol is 0.75 g per dm³. Suggest two reasons why the highest blood alcohol concentration may be different for two people after drinking the same volume of alcohol. 1 2[2]
(c)Describe the short-term effects of a high blood alcohol concentration.[3]

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Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2021). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[1] any four from: increases / in first hour + absorption / enters blood ;
[1] in stomach/small intestine / duodenum /ileum ;
[1] hepatic portal vein ;
[1] liver ;
[1] decrease in alcohol + break down / excretion / sweat / urine ;
[1] using an enzyme ;
[1] any two differences: gender ;
[1] weight/mass / size ;
[1] how much eaten/different rate of absorption ;
[1] age ;
[1] different + ability to break down alcohol / health of liver / metabolism kidney efficiency ;
[1] any three from: negative effect on reaction time / responses ;
[1] depressant ;
[1] blurred vision ;
[1] slurred speech ;
[1] reduced coordination / balance / dizziness ;
[1] description of cognitive ability impairment ;

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