O-LevelBiologyHuman Nutrition5090/22 · Oct/Nov 2020 · Q58 Marks
The diagram shows the total volume of water entering and leaving organs of the human alimentary canal during one day. [Figure 5.1: Diagram showing a flowchart of water volumes in the human alimentary canal, with labels A, B, ileum, large intestine, and various volumes in cm³.]
- (a)(i)Name the organs labelled A and B. A B[2]
- (a)(ii)Calculate the volume of water, X, absorbed from the ileum. cm³[1]
- (a)(iii)Describe the absorption of water from the ileum.[3]
- (b)State how a named organ causes some of the water absorbed from the ileum to later become water in the urine.[2]
This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2020). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] (A) oesophagus / gullet;
- [1] (B) stomach;
- [1] 7800;
- [1] osmosis / diffusion;
- [1] down + water concentration gradient / water potential gradient ;
- [1] villi / microvilli ;
- [1] into + blood / plasma / capillaries ;
- [1] kidney;
- [1] filters / removes water from + blood ;
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