Artificial Insemination is a method of breeding farm animals in which the semen (liquid containing sperm) from a selected male animal is sent to a farmer to fertilise females of the same species.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2020). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] change in gene / change in DNA ;
2. [1] change in chromosome number ;
3. [1] sickle-cell anaemia + change in gene ;
4. [1] Down's syndrome + increase in chromosome number / 47 chromosomes ;
5. [1] radiation;
6. [1] chemicals / example;
7. [1] farmer does not need to keep male animals;
8. [1] promotes cross-breeding / prevents inbreeding ;
9. [1] sperm transported from anywhere / far away ;
10. [1] artificial selection / selective breeding;
11. [1] desirable features / characteristics;
12. [1] increased chances of successful fertilisation AW;
13. [1] quicker / easier / more convenient;
14. [1] economic benefit + explanation ;