O-LevelBiologyTransport in Humans5090/22 · Oct/Nov 2018 · Q18 Marks

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show transverse sections of two types of blood vessel. [Figure 1] [Figure 2]

(a)(i)Name the type of blood vessel shown in: Fig. 1 Fig. 2[2]
(a)(ii)Describe the differences in the structures shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 that helped you to identify these blood vessels.[2]
(b)The diagram below is of a simplified, incomplete longitudinal section from the type of blood vessel shown in Fig. 2. The direction of blood flow is shown. direction of blood flow
(b)(i)Complete the diagram by drawing one set of valves.[2]
(b)(ii)Describe the function of these valves.[2]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2018). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[2] (Fig. 1) artery / arteriole / named artery ; (Fig. 2) vein / venule / named vein ;
[2] reference to size / shape + lumen AW ; reference to size of wall / muscle / elastic;
[2] two structures drawn toward lumen from similar height on opposite walls ; all structures drawn point upwards;
[2] open / close OR action of valve flaps described ; prevent back-flow of blood OR blood in one direction ; from lower regions of body ; low pressure ;

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