O-LevelBiologyTransport in Humans5090/22 · Oct/Nov 2014 · Q511 Marks
There are many different drugs available to treat high blood pressure. Fig. 5.1 shows the mean heart rates of two groups of people, J and K, over a five-year period. From the start, and throughout the period, group K were treated with a drug called a beta-blocker. Group J did not take any form of medication. [Figure 5.1]
- (a)(i)State the term used to describe group J.[1]
- (a)(ii)Using information from Fig. 5.1, describe the effect on the heart of taking beta-blockers.[3]
- (b)On Fig. 5.1, draw a curve to show the expected effect on the mean heart rate of Group J if, after three years, half of them started to take beta-blockers.[3]
- (c)Some other drugs reduce blood pressure by having an effect on blood vessels. Suggest how these drugs may cause a decrease in blood pressure.[4]
This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2014). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] control ;
- [max. 3] rate + drops/reduces/AW;
- rapidly / AW / quoted figures (85 to 62 + bpm);
- during first 4 months ;
- remains (more or less) constant ;
- (constant at) 59 / 60 / 61 / 62 + bpm ;
- [max. 3] line/curve starts at 36 months ;
- drops with similar gradient to line K;
- to between 70 and 74 bpm;
- levels to run parallel with the J and K ;
- [max. 4] arteries / arterioles ;
- muscular wall ;
- relax / prevent constriction ;
- larger lumens / dilation / widens / AW ;
- ref. reduces + deposits/atheroma/AW;
- less + resistance/friction /AW;
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